Chronic kidney disease occurs when there is a gradual failure of kidney function due to illnesses, genetics, etc. The kidneys’ main role is to filter waste matter and flush out excess bodily fluids, but advanced kidney failure causes fluids, electrolytes, and waste to build up in the body. Various factors must be understood to manage the condition, including the causes, symptoms, prevention tips, and more. Read on to learn more about chronic kidney disease. Causes of chronic kidney disease The main causes of chronic kidney disease are as follows: Diabetes When the body’s sugar levels are too high and become unmanageable, bodily organs stop functioning as normal. The first to be affected are the kidneys, leading to diabetes, which, in turn, affects the nerves, eyes, and heart. High blood pressure This is when blood pressure against the walls of the blood vessels increases, and can lead to chronic kidney disease, heart attacks, and strokes. Hence, chronic kidney disease can also be caused by uncontrolled high blood pressure. Genetics Chronic kidney disease can also be passed down through the genes. Therefore if someone in your close family has the condition, it is likely to be passed down to you. Autoimmune disease Lupus nephritis is an autoimmune disease that causes swelling of the small blood vessels, which are responsible for flushing waste out of the kidneys. Birth disorder Sometimes, certain malfunctions of the kidneys develop in the mother’s womb and can cause infections and kidney damage later on in the person’s life. Other causes Kidney stones or tumors can cause kidney damage or failure if not treated in time. Glomerulonephritis It is a group of diseases that can cause inflammation in the filtering segments of the kidneys. This disorder is one of the most common types of kidney disease. Vesicoureteral reflux This is a condition that causes urine to back up into the kidneys. Symptoms of chronic kidney disease A person with chronic kidney disease can experience the following symptoms: Nausea Trouble sleeping and concentrating Poor appetite Swollen feet and ankles Dry, itchy skin Muscle cramps Chest pain Shortness of breath Urge to urinate often High blood pressure Tiredness and loss of energy Reduced mental agility Sometimes, these signs and symptoms are nonspecific and can be signs of other illnesses. You can fix an appointment with your doctor whenever you notice anything unusual with your body. Timely diagnosis can prevent kidney disease from advancing to kidney failure. Prevention You need to follow certain precautions to reduce the risk of kidney disease: Maintain a healthy BMI It is vital to have an active lifestyle to help prevent kidney disease. Sometimes your weight can put a lot of pressure on your body organs, including your kidneys, lungs, liver, etc. Practices like jogging, swimming, or yoga can help your overall health too. Regulate certain treatment options The prolonged use of pain relievers may adversely affect the kidneys. If you have been recommended pain relievers for a long time for some reason, consult your doctor and discuss alternatives. Go for regular health check-ups Sometimes, conditions like chronic kidney disease do not show symptoms till it is quite late. It is advisable to go for regular health check-ups to understand your body’s condition and get any condition diagnosed in time. If you suspect any kidney damage, your doctor can also recommend other tests. Remedies and changes for chronic kidney disease A person with chronic kidney disease needs to make some lifestyle changes and seek treatment depending on the severity of the disease. Here are a few remedies and lifestyle changes that can help you take care of your kidneys. Stay hydrated The biggest reason for kidney problems is the lack of water consumption. You should drink plenty of water so that all the toxins are flushed out of your system. Have vitamin C Since vitamins and minerals are considered powerful antioxidants, they should be consumed in high quantities to promote better kidney health. Keep your blood pressure in check You should make it a habit to check your blood pressure regularly because high blood pressure increases the chances of kidney diseases. Keep an eye on the food eaten As part of the kidney failure treatment regimen, you need to follow a proper meal plan. You should restrict the amount of protein you consume, as this can slow down the condition’s progression. The amount of potassium, sodium, and phosphorus consumed should also be reduced. A kidney food specialist, also called a renal dietician, can help you follow a balanced meal plan to keep your kidney health in check. Eat more dates When dates are soaked in water and then consumed, they help in flushing out kidney stones. Dates also contain fibers that help to reduce kidney stones. Last-stage treatment options When chronic kidney disease reaches stage 5, and the kidneys function at only about 15% of their normal capacity, doctors may recommend end-stage treatment. These include the following: Dialysis This is a mechanical procedure to remove waste products and excessive fluids from the blood, as the kidneys can no longer do their job. Kidney transplant One kidney, or sometimes both kidneys, get replaced in this treatment option. It is the most effective treatment option for advanced kidney disease, but it includes major surgery. After the surgery, the individual will need to take prescribed treatments throughout their life. Chronic kidney disease can cause complications such as high blood pressure, weak bones, nerve damage, poor nutritional health, and anemia. These problems can occur gradually over some time. As seen, when the disease advances, it can lead to complete kidney failure, calling for drastic measures that have their own complications. Hence, whenever you feel your body is not functioning the way it usually is, you should get yourself checked by your doctor. It is crucial to get complete body check-ups done regularly so that if there is any underlying disorder, it can be detected in the early stages.
Drinking water is essential to keep body organs functioning at their optimum best. However, drinking too much or too little can affect the body in many ways. Dehydration can often affect cognitive functions, memory, and physical performance. Therefore, drinking water the right way at the right time is essential. Although most people know the importance of water, they don’t know the best time to drink it. So, let’s look at the best times to drink water daily. When you wake up Though most people reach for a cup of coffee, it is best to drink one or two cups of water as soon as you wake up. It helps you hydrate after 8 hours of no water and food, which typically causes slight dehydration. The water in the morning helps get your fluids back to baseline levels. When you sweat When you exercise or use a sauna, you naturally sweat and lose a lot of water. During such activities, it is ideal to drink not just water after your activity but also before and during your workout. Keep a one-liter bottle filled with flavored or regular water at all times. Sip between 6 and 12 ounces every 15 minutes when you are active. After a workout, you can freely drink up to 24 ounces of water to restore the lost fluids. Before or during meals Do you sometimes feel hungry when you are thirsty? It happens to most people. Thus, drinking water before a meal ensures that you do not overeat. Also, most nutritionists suggest drinking one glass of water 30 minutes before a meal. This helps to ease the overall digestion process. You can also have a cup or two of water during meals. Middle of the day Have you ever experienced the 3 pm slump? If you’ve probably reached for a cup of coffee, you need to reconsider. Switching the caffeine-rich beverage with a cup of water can help restore the H2O balance in your body. Also, avoiding your 3 pm coffee can help maintain your sleep cycle. After a meal Drinking water immediately after a meal may dilute the digestive juices or hinder the digestion process. Therefore, t is recommended to drink water an hour after the meal. Doing so will help the body absorb the nutrients efficiently. Sipping on hot water after meals is also beneficial if you’ve had a lot of plant-based foods in your meal. According to the U.S National Academics of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, healthy men can drink up to 15.5 cups daily, and 11.5 cups (including hydration from food and beverage) a day is enough for women. Alkaline water: What is it? Why do you need it? Water that has a pH value of 8 or 9 is alkaline. It is said to slow the aging process, improve immunity, promote healthy BMI levels, and even prevent chronic diseases like cancer by acting as an antioxidant. You can get natural alkaline water like Icelandic glacial natural spring water, which picks up minerals naturally as it passes over uninhabited lava rocks. The Icelandic glacial natural spring water is exceptionally pure, naturally alkaline, and carbon neutral. A lot of commercial alkaline water is produced through electrolysis which is not as healthy as other brands. BodyArmor SportWater Alkaline Water, Core Hydration Nutrient Enhanced Water, and Good & Gather Alkaline Water are three brands that have excellent health benefits. Best water bottles for health With the advent of purification systems, alkaline filters, and no microplastics in water bottles, drinking water is now a more pleasant experience. When you buy a water bottle, you need to consider its material and cleaning method. The following are 4 of the best water bottles that promote health and alleviate hydration levels. GRAYL GeoPress purifier GRAYL GeoPress is a water bottle that can purify almost anything from the water – viruses, bacteria, chemicals, and microplastics. Though the purifier needs to be replaced regularly, it has the ability to improve the smell, taste, and clarity of the water. The GRAYL GeoPress water filter bottle comes in different sizes and is perfect for home use, travel, or hiking. The sole disadvantage is that the zero-waste cartridge recycling program and durable polypropylene material are expensive. YETI Water Bottle If you want a water bottle that can double as a cold water flask, Yeti is the brand for you. With a 26 oz capacity, this double-walled vacuum-insulated bottle is easy to clean and comes in various shapes and sizes. It is affordable, has a leak-proof cap, and can keep your drink cold for a long time. The large size is somewhat disadvantageous if you travel a lot, but the excellent product quality makes up for this disadvantage. GoFiltr Alkaline Original Infuser If you want an alkaline infusing water bottle, GoFiltr is a good option. Within 15 minutes, you can get ionized water to boost your health. The brand promises 750 refills (approximately three months) worth of water with one filter. You can get alkaline water infused with several electrolytes like potassium, magnesium, and calcium, thanks to the proprietary sioFuse granules of GoFiltr. Takeya Actives Insulated Water Bottle With the Takeya Actives bottle, you can keep the water at any temperature with vacuum insulation. The flip-top straw makes it easy for you to drink. However, it may need some extra time while cleaning. The Silicone grip makes it easy to hold even mid-workout. The grip on the bottom also ensures it does not slip on the floor. The wide mouth of the Takeya Actives water bottle makes it easy to fill and clean the bottle. Takeya offers a variety of sizes and lid options, from big bottles for gym enthusiasts to small kid-friendly water bottles.
Collecting stamps is a great passion for many people. Such individuals can spend any amount of money to buy certain stamps and include them in their collections. In fact, there are a small group of stamps that are so rare that their value is in millions of dollars. These stamps contain special historical or geographical significance and are the ultimate collector’s items. In no particular order, here are some such rare, precious, and much-vaunted stamps: British Guiana 1 Cent Magenta ($11,628,700) Although the values keep fluctuating, the one-cent “Black on Magenta” of British Guiana from 1856 is widely considered to be the rarest and most valuable stamp out there. The history behind this stamp is fascinating. In 1856, British Guiana, a former colony of the British Empire, needed an extra supply of postage stamps from England. However, the stamps were not arriving immediately. In desperation, the postmaster of British Guiana requested the Official Gazette newspaper to print emergency issues for quick local use. In return, the postmaster received crude-looking stamp designs for one-cent and four-cent denominations; the former was meant for newspapers, while the latter was used for postal correspondence. This story and the locally-published stamps gained popularity, and their values skyrocketed in the later years, especially after the colony achieved independence from the United Kingdom in May 1966. The rectangular stamp’s design features an image of a sailing ship, the lettering “Black Guiana,” and a message in Latin, “Damus Petimus que Vicissim,” which roughly translates into “We Give and We Seek in Return.” Mauritius Post Office stamps ($12,790,600) The Mauritius Post Office stamps are among the most expensive ones in the world. While their resemblance to British stamps from the colonial era is uncanny, their value stems from the fact that they were British stamps created outside of Great Britain during the period. According to many records, there are about 27 examples of Two Penny blue and One Penny red 1847 Mauritius Post Office Stamps worldwide today. About three of the 27 are affixed to Lady Elizabeth Gomm’s “ball covers.” The distinguished woman was known for throwing lavish balls in Mauritius. The most valuable piece out of the rest is the Bordeaux Cover, which includes Two Penny blue and One Penny red examples affixed to an envelope but not used. In recent years, the stamps have been sold to wealthy buyers at eye-watering prices of €10,027,800 (about $12,790,600 when adjusted for inflation in 2023). Treskilling Yellow stamp ($4,248,000) This Swedish stamp from as early as 1855 is arguably the most renowned European-based stamp in the world. The value and sheer elusiveness of this stamp result from a printing error it contains. Because of the error, the stamp’s color is bright yellow instead of green, the usual color assigned to postage stamps in the zone in that period. Today, only one known example of the Treskilling Yellow stamp exists. Like the other stamps, this one also has an intriguing story. As the story goes, this stamp was first found by a schoolboy and philatelist, Georg Baeckman, when he was sifting through his grandmother’s rubbish bin in 1885. He went on to sell the stamp to a dealer for a lowly 7 Kroner the following year. Over the years, the stamp’s distinct color and alluring design have made it an auction favorite globally. In May 2013, Count Gustaf Douglas, one of the wealthiest people in the world, purchased the stamp for around $2.6 million and has preserved it in his personal collection. Benjamin Franklin Z Grill ($4,451,000) Priced at around $3 million, this stamp was “canceled” in the late 1860s by punching them with a steel grill. That created a unique pattern on these stamps and, over the years, has been one of the reasons for their ever-increasing popularity and monetary value. Its association with Benjamin Franklin is the other reason for its vaunted status. There are only two known copies of the one-cent Benjamin Franklin Z Grill in known existence. The first one is permanently locked in the New York Public Library’s Miller Collection, while the Mystic Stamp Company purchased the other for a ludicrous $935,000 way back in 1998. Sicilian Error of Color ($2,576,600) The 1859 Sicilian “Error of Color” stamp was originally intended to be orange but was mistakenly printed in blue. Today, there are only two known copies of this rare stamp in existence, making it highly sought-after by collectors due to its significant value. Both stamps were exhibited at the Manchester Philatelic Exposition in 1899. However, they were separated, and one was later sold as part of the Ferrari collection. In 2011, one of the stamps was sold for €1.8 million, equivalent to about $2,576,600 in inflation-adjusted 2023 dollars. The Whole Country is Red stamp ($2,307,700) This stamp is another example of a publishing mistake attaining immortality after decades. Originally, the stamp was made to commemorate the Chinese Cultural Revolution. However, the map in the stamp was deemed inaccurate, which is why the stamp was quickly pulled out from circulation when it was made. However, some copies remained, and they are available for purchase at more than $2 million in today’s day and age. Apart from these, some other precious stamps are Two Penny Blue ($2,327,400), Alexandria Blue Boy ($2,040,500), Inverted Jenny ($1,631,700), and the Inverted Declaration of Independence ($1,615,400). A similar type of stamp collection is the Forever Stamps, created by the United States Postal Service (USPS) in 2007. They are non-denominational First Class® postage, meaning that they can be used to mail First Class letters at any postal rate. 100 Forever Stamps for sale are available at many e-stores. Also, one can purchase cheap stamps from Stamps.com if they are looking for reasonably-priced options. Also, the values listed here are highly dynamic in nature, making these stamps even more lucrative and precious collector’s items.
Buying and claiming auto insurance was one of the biggest headaches for car owners a few years ago. But thanks to various apps and websites, the process is much easier today. Still, many people make mistakes while purchasing insurance online, which causes a lot of confusion. The following are typical errors to avoid when getting auto insurance. These tips will help you select the best policy in the market and enjoy a seamless process. Not assessing your needs There are dozens of auto insurance firms, each with a unique assortment of plans. While there is no best plan, some could suit your needs more than others. For instance, if you have a teen driver in the family, you should look for policies created for young adults. If you are a cautious driver, an insurer with a telematics plan can help you get rewards for your safe driving. Keeping all this in mind, you should go about your research to get the most suitable insurance quote. Not researching enough Shopping for insurance is like shopping for clothes—you must find the right fit for you and your vehicle. So, do not buy in a hurry. It would help to do some basic research before purchasing or renewing a plan. You can visit the insurer’s website to read about the different packages available and compare them. It is necessary to be patient and take enough time to study the details so that you find the most suitable policy. Research is the foundation for an informed decision and can help avoid confusion later. Ignoring third-party ratings Reading customer reviews is perhaps the best way to assess insurance companies. But where do you look for these reviews? Even if the insurer has a reviews section on its website, you will likely be skeptical since they may be selective about which reviews appear. In contrast, third-party ratings tend to be more objective. They can help you understand the provider’s insurance process, their quality of customer service, and the ease or difficulty of filing claims. Not knowing the coverage you require Full-coverage auto insurance is not for everyone since it can be expensive. The coverage you need will depend on your vehicle’s type, cost, how much you use it, your driving skills, the driving conditions, and the weather. Of course, you also have to consider the minimum coverage requirements set by the state. Contact an agent in the company to narrow down your options and get an auto insurance quote. Ask them anything you need to know before deciding on a coverage amount. Not understanding the terms and conditions Buying auto insurance means signing a contract with the insurer. So, like with every contract, there will be terms and conditions. You must understand what you are signing up for and what you need to submit when raising a claim. Policy wordings are specific to each policy, so it is crucial to understand the insurer’s liability. Research well and contact the insurance company to get details of the plan and its terms and conditions. You need not become an expert in auto insurance, but you should understand the basics to make the proper selections. Choosing the wrong deductible A deductible is a minimum amount you must pay for damages before the auto insurance company steps in to clear the rest. A lower deductible will cost you more in premiums, but in the event of an accident, your out-of-pocket expense will be less. On the other hand, a plan with a high deductible will save you money on premiums, but you will need to pay more if you get into an accident. Since selecting the wrong deductible could cost you a lot of money, it is essential to strike a balance between the premium and the deductible. To choose the right plan, consider the road conditions, your driving skills, and how often you get into accidents. Comparing auto insurance quotes online can help you understand the options available and enable you to pick the one that works for you. Hiding the truth Truth is golden, especially when applying for auto insurance. It can become problematic if the company finds inconsistencies when accessing your driving records and personal information. The company could refuse to insure you or may even reject your application. But this is not the worst part. If an accident occurs and they discover you lied, the provider can refuse to pay a claim and cancel your policy. Buying a new auto insurance policy can also be challenging since other companies can access your previous records. Not checking the claims process Every insurer follows a different process for clearing auto insurance claims. Some have mobile apps, while others require you to use their website. A few ask you to talk to a representative over the phone or meet with a local agent. Shortlist auto insurance companies depending on what suits you best. Most people today prefer handling things digitally, whether paying bills, requesting a claim, or renewing an auto insurance policy. Not looking for discounts Besides deductibles, payment schemes, and claims processes, you must check for discounts before signing up with an auto insurance firm. You can learn about your prospective insurer’s discounts by visiting their website periodically. Use them to get the best out of your plan! Not picking the right add-ons Many insurance providers offer customizable policies where you can select the features you need. This customization allows you to get the best value for your buck. So, do not forget to learn about the different add-ons available. Select individual components based on your driving habits, the model of your automobile, and where you drive. Once you have considered the above points and shortlisted a few auto insurance companies, you can contact them for a quote. Some provide a quote after you fill out details on their website, while others require you to speak to an agent.
The second most common cancer in men is prostate cancer. It impacts the prostate gland, which secretes seminal fluid. Prostate cancer is usually localized and does not migrate. Early cancer detection results in less harm and more successful treatment of cancer. Although there are treatment alternatives, there are active clinical trials for more advanced treatments for prostate cancer. Read on to learn more about the warning signs and foods to eat and avoid for prostate cancer. 5 early warning signs of prostate cancer Frequent urge to urinate The prostate tumor exerts pressure on the urethra and the bladder, leading to a person getting an urge to urinate, especially at night. Weak flow of urine Weak urine flow need not always be a sign of prostate cancer as one experiences trouble urinating as one ages. However, if one experiences a weak flow of urine or has no control over starting and stopping it, it is advisable to consult a doctor. Numbness or pain As cancer advances, one might experience unexplainable pain in the hips, chest, or lower back. Some men may also experience numbness in the legs. Burning or painful urination Burning or experiencing pain while urinating is called dysuria. It is a common symptom of UTIs. However, it may also be a symptom of prostate cancer. It is better to get it checked. Blood in the urine Hematuria is a symptom of prostate cancer but can also be a symptom of health issues like UTIs. It always helps to get it checked. Meal plan for prostate cancer A well-balanced meal plan with ample fruits and vegetables, complex carbohydrates from whole grains, and healthy proteins can prevent prostate cancer and improve one’s overall health. Additionally, even when diagnosed with prostate cancer, paying attention to what is on one’s plate can go a long way in aiding your treatment. 5 foods to manage prostate cancer Broccoli Broccoli contains complex compounds that can protect a person from cancer. This cruciferous vegetable boasts phytochemicals like sulforaphane that can target cancer cells while leaving out normal healthy prostate cells. Other vegetables like cauliflower, kale, cabbage, and Brussels sprouts also contain phytochemicals and can protect the prostate. Green tea There must be some health benefits when a billion people have been drinking this for years. Green tea has several compounds like xanthine derivatives, antioxidants, and epicatechin that improve overall health. Researchers now believe that green tea can potentially minimize the risk of prostate cancer by targeting tumor cells and hormones that signal their growth. Tomatoes Tomatoes contain a powerful antioxidant known as lycopene, which can reduce the risk of developing prostate cancer. Several studies indicate that lycopene can potentially decrease cell damage and slow down the production of cancer cells. Additionally, research shows that people who eat more tomatoes are less likely to develop prostate cancer. Since lycopene is tightly bound to the cell wall in raw tomatoes, it is best to eat them cooked or puréed to enjoy its benefits. Legumes Legumes are food items that include beans, lentils, and peanuts. These plants contain an active compound known as a phytoestrogen. This compound can reduce the risk of prostate cancer by as much as 20%. The antioxidant properties found in legumes affect hormone regulation and cell death, which can reduce the risk of prostate cancer. Pomegranates Pomegranates are replete with antioxidants and can help reduce oxidative stress, thus inhibiting the growth of prostate cancer cells. Pomegranate juice impedes the production of prostate cancer cells and therefore is beneficial for preventing this disease. Including pomegranate seeds in salads or adding pomegranate juice to sparkling water to improve prostate health is healthy. 5 foods to avoid during prostate cancer treatment Dairy products Consuming large amounts of dairy products tends to increase the risk of prostate cancer. Whole milk seems to accelerate the progression of prostate cancer. Skimmed milk also has a similar effect, especially in the early stages of the disease. It is best to reduce the intake of full-fat cheese, yogurt, butter, and cream. Instead, look for non-dairy options like flax, rice, almond, soy, cashew, or coconut milk. Red meat Regular meat consumption can increase one’s risk of prostate cancer. Heterocyclic amines are a type of carcinogen present in large amounts in red meat. It is best to avoid beef, pork, and other red meats to reduce the risk of prostate cancer. Alternatively, one could turn to lean poultry, legumes, nuts, and canned fish. Sugary foods Sugary foods do not provide any nutritional value to one’s body. They are high in sugar and glycemic carbohydrates. Sugar-laden foods like cakes, cookies, pies, and sugary drinks can hamper a person’s immunity and lead to other health conditions. Too many sugary foods lead to a shoot in blood sugar levels, impacting the prostate gland. Saturated fats Saturated fats are present in processed foods, baked goods, dairy products, meats, and salad dressings. Saturated fats have a direct link to increased risk of several conditions, including heart conditions, as well as several cancers, including prostate cancer. Reducing the intake of saturated fats is associated with a healthy prostate and overall improved health. Sodium High salt intake is linked to increased urinary tract symptoms associated with prostate cancer. Sodium tends to affect the kidneys and the prostate, so one should avoid excess salt consumption. It is best to follow a low-sodium meal plan and reduce intake of canned foods, cured meats, and frozen bread-based dinners. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and eating the right kind of foods is important during the prostate cancer treatment period. Maintaining healthy eating habits will help prostate cancer patients feel better by aiding in relieving the symptoms. Making healthy meal changes can aid a person’s recovery from prostate cancer.
The pancreas is a vital organ that controls blood sugar levels and aids digestion. When cells in the pancreas begin to mutate and multiply, they form a tumor. Generally, these growths generate in the ducts of the pancreas, and the cancerous growth that begins in the pancreas is termed pancreatic cancer. Early stages of pancreatic cancer may be undetectable in imaging tests. This form of cancer is also known for being resistant to several treatments. What are the types of pancreatic cancer? There are two major types of pancreatic cancer: Exocrine tumors Over 90% of pancreatic tumors are exocrine tumors, which develop from the exocrine cells in the pancreas. These include adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, adenosquamous cell carcinoma, and colloid carcinoma. Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) Also known as Islet Cell Carcinoma, these tumors are less common and develop in the endocrine gland of the pancreas. The endocrine gland secures insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar levels. What are the signs and symptoms of pancreatic cancer? Pancreatic cancer often goes undiagnosed until it spreads to the other organs (reaches the metastasis stage). Being vigilant and regularly checking for the following signs and symptoms of pancreatic cancer can help receive an early diagnosis and manage the condition better: Stomach and back pain A dull pain in the upper abdomen and the middle or upper back is a common sign of pancreatic cancer. It generally occurs because the tumor in the pancreas begins to put pressure on the stomach or the spine. For some people, this pain may worsen when lying down but alleviates when leaning forward. However, since abdominal pain can differ from person-to-person and have several underlying causes, one must discuss all their symptoms with their doctor. Jaundice When the amount of bilirubin in the body increases, it could lead to jaundice. With pancreatic cancer, this condition is often painless and occurs when the tumor at the head of the pancreas blocks the bile duct. Common symptoms of jaundice include yellowing of the skin and eyes, dark urine, pale, greasy stools, and itchy skin (pruritus). Gastrointestinal problems The growing tumor begins to press on parts of the digestive system. This could lead to gastrointestinal problems such as loss of appetite, nausea, indigestion, vomiting, bloating, or abdominal swelling. Fatigue Unexplained and extreme tiredness or fatigue may also be a sign of pancreatic cancer. However, it can also be associated with several other health conditions, so it is best to consult a doctor for a proper diagnosis. New-onset diabetes An early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer often occurs during tests for other conditions, such as diabetes. For some people, pancreatic cancer may trigger sudden onset diabetes, as it can destroy insulin-making cells, thereby increasing blood sugar levels. Those experiencing a sudden onset of diabetes must always be evaluated for pancreatic cancer. If a healthcare provider suspects pancreatic cancer, they may prescribe imaging tests such as computed tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and endoscopic ultrasounds (EUS). Doctors may also prescribe a pancreas blood test, staging laparoscopy, or genetic testing. Most healthcare providers do not perform routine screenings for pancreatic cancer. However, those with an immediate family history of pancreatic cancer must speak with their doctor regarding their risk levels and monitoring, screening, and imaging tests to detect the condition early. What treatment options are available for pancreatic cancer? Depending on the location of the tumor, its stage of advancement, and one’s overall health, doctors may recommend one of the following courses of action for treating or managing pancreatic cancer: Surgery The only ‘cure’ for pancreatic cancer is surgery. However, doctors only advise this line of treatment when they believe the entire tumor can be removed. Depending on the location and size of the tumor, surgeons may use techniques such as: Whipple procedure (pancreaticoduodenectomy) This technique may be used if the tumor is located at the head of the pancreas. During the Whipple procedure, the surgeon will remove the head of the pancreas, the duodenum, the gallbladder, a portion of the bile duct, and some surrounding lymph nodes. The remaining bile duct and pancreas are then reattached to the small intestine to complete the digestive tract. Distal pancreatectomy A distal pancreatectomy may be recommended for tumors that affect the tail of the pancreas. Here, the surgeon will remove a part of the pancreas and may also remove the spleen. Total pancreatectomy A total pancreatectomy may be necessary if the cancer has spread throughout the pancreas. Here, the entire pancreas is removed. While it is possible to live without a pancreas, it may cause significant side effects, such as diabetes and digestive issues. Chemotherapy Chemotherapy is used to kill cancer cells. It may be advised as a standalone treatment for people with advanced pancreatic cancer or recommended before surgery to reduce the tumor and kill active cancer cells. Radiotherapy In this treatment procedure, high-frequency X-rays are used to kill cancer cells. It is often administered in combination with chemotherapy, also known as chemoradiation. It may be recommended before or after surgery. It may also be a part of the primary treatment for those with advanced pancreatic cancer who do not qualify for surgery, as it can help ease symptoms. Targeted Therapy This treatment targets proteins that control the growth and spread of cancer cells. Targeted therapy may be used in combination with other treatment options. Pain management Pancreatic cancer can cause immense pain when it spreads to the surrounding nerves. Doctors may recommend treatment options to alleviate it and ease the symptoms. Unfortunately, one cannot prevent pancreatic cancer. However, adopting healthy lifestyle habits can help prevent its onset and spread. Eating fresh fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, reducing the intake of red meat, sugary drinks, and processed foods, and exercising regularly can make a considerable difference. Moreover, limiting exposure to harmful chemicals such as asbestos, pesticides, and petrochemicals can also help lower the risk of pancreatic cancer.
Are you constantly driven to scratch your skin due to an annoying itch? Do you feel helpless against the urge no matter how much lotion or cream you apply? Itchy skin can be incredibly irritating, but fortunately, it’s also a widespread problem, often associated with skin diseases. In this blog post, we look at some of the most common triggers that cause itchy skin and the steps to minimize them to alleviate the symptoms. Eight common triggers of itchy skin Excessive sun exposure Excessive sun exposure can cause the skin to become itchy and inflamed due to the higher amounts of UV radiation. Those with susceptible skin may find that small doses of sunshine are uncomfortable and lead to breakouts, itching, and a prickly sensation. Not only is this bothersome, but it can also be potentially dangerous since people may be more likely to scratch or rub at the affected area and further damage their skin. Many studies have found cancer patients complaining of itchy skin after radiation therapy using UVR. Hence, the studies conclude that UV rays from sunlight cause itchy skin. Therefore, it is advised to use antihistamines, sunscreens, and emollient creams. To reduce itchy skin from sun exposure, one should use sunscreen with high SPF protection and limit their time outside when possible. Additionally, topical ointments or wipes may temporarily relieve sun-exposed skin irritations or diseases. Age Itchy skin and certain skin diseases like eczema can be annoying and uncomfortable, but it is even more common with age. As you age, your skin undergoes multiple changes, like becoming dry or being impacted by skin diseases like eczema or psoriasis. As we grow older, our bodies produce fewer lipids to retain moisture in our skin, leading to lower hydration levels and causing barrier disruption. In addition, it triggers inflammatory responses like itching or flaking and intense sensitivity. By ensuring adequate hydration, the right products can help protect your skin and keep it minimally reactive to external irritants. Dry skin Lack of moisture is one of the reasons for dry skin, which aggravates skin diseases and conditions like eczema. The common causes of dry skin include frequent hot-water baths, dry and hot climates, harsh chemical-heavy soaps, and exposure to intense sunlight. Chronic itch (that lasts longer than six weeks) due to dryness may indicate skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. To combat dry skin and itchiness, moisturize while reducing shower time, avoid extreme temperatures (hot or cold), limit using alkaline soaps, and wear loose clothing. Chemical agents Itchiness (a common symptom of skin diseases) is often caused by irritating particles in the air, such as chemicals, dust, or pollen. Chemical agents are notorious for inflaming the skin and triggering an unpleasant itch. Some of the common agents include: Nickel (commonly found in stainless steel and other jewels) Artificial fragrances in deodorants, body sprays, and lotions Household products, including floor cleaners and detergents Beauty products such as hair dye, cosmetics, sunscreens, and moisturizers The latex used in gloves, condoms, balloons, and baby bottles Renal diseases Renal diseases (or kidney diseases), like uremia, can be a troubling and debilitating group of ailments. One challenging symptom of this burdensome condition is itchy skin, ranging from mild to severe. Uremia is a widespread illness caused by highly damaged kidneys that cannot filter poisons from the body. The back, limbs, and belly are the most typically affected areas. When someone is suffering from renal dysfunction, their ability to regulate nitrogen-rich substances and other minerals is interrupted, leading to dryness in the outer layers of the skin. Seeking medical advice and attempting topical solutions are two popular choices for patients struggling with itchy skin due to renal diseases. Hormones Hormonal fluctuations are more predominant in women than men. Itchy skin can be an incredibly frustrating and uncomfortable experience that often occurs during hormonal changes like puberty and pregnancy. Our bodies are complex systems of hormones, so these imbalances can lead to inflammation, which manifests as itchy skin. While certain moisturizers and lifestyle changes can help with the itchiness, addressing the root cause of your hormone imbalance is critical to genuinely finding relief from this symptom. Therefore, you must talk to a dermatologist if the symptoms persist. Daily lifestyle Factors such as food choices, stress, exercise, environmental allergens, and emotional states can play a role in causing itchy skin. Some lifestyle factors that can trigger itchy skin conditions are as follows. Inadequate consumption of dietary fibers leads to the poor gut microbiota, which fails to regulate skin inflammation. Frequent consumption of junk or processed foods promote inflammatory reactions. Inadequate sleep or erratic sleeping habits decrease the melatonin production required for healthy skin. High consumption of chocolates, crisps, and nuts causes itchy skin as they contain high levels of nickel. Changing your meal plans or avoiding certain foods may help relieve the discomfort. Unfortunately, some stress-related itching cannot be avoided, so focusing on relaxation techniques and reducing stress levels is essential. However, exercise should be done in moderation to ensure that the body’s temperature doesn’t become too hot, which could cause excessive sweating and further irritation. Systemic conditions Several conditions in your internal organs may cause changes in body blood content, reflected in dry skin. Systemic diseases that cause itchy skin (and, possibly, a skin disease) include: Chronic renal failure Hepatitis Cholestasis of pregnancy Extrahepatic biliary obstruction Iron deficiency Hyperthyroidism Diabetes mellitus Hypothyroidism Blood cancer Wrapping up Various factors can cause itchy skin, including contact dermatitis, dry skin, allergies, or skin diseases. Thankfully, there are many ways to treat itchy skin and prevent it from happening in the first place. Look for signs of early onset of a severe medical condition like diabetes or cancer, and check with a dermatologist if you’re experiencing recurring symptoms. With knowledge comes power, so keep these tips in mind when dealing with itchy skin or any skin disease!
Macula is a small 5-mm portion at the center of the retina. It is located in the back of the eye and is responsible for central and color vision and the fine details of the things we see. Damage to the macula refers to macular degeneration, causing loss of central vision. In most cases, the damage develops over time, usually due to aging. So, the condition is common among people aged 50 and above. Understanding the condition Macula is made up of a large number of photoreceptor cells that detect light. Once light enters our eye, these cells signal the brain, which interprets them as images. While age is the most common cause of macular degeneration, family history, diabetes, head injury, eye infection, and nutritional deficiencies are other factors that increase the risk of developing the eye condition. Wet and dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are the two types people experience. With dry AMD, the macular tissue gradually becomes thin and stops working, causing vision loss. Wet AMD results from fluids from blood vessels leaking into the macula. It is a long-lasting disorder leading to blurred vision and blind spots in the central vision. When dealing with eye diseases like macular degeneration, one can experience symptoms like blurry vision, inability to read or notice fine details, blind spots in central vision, and distorted vision. Cure and prevention While AMD cannot be prevented, one can prevent regular macular degeneration by treating underlying diseases like diabetes and protecting the eyes from trauma and injury. Some other measures that can prevent or slow down macular degeneration are: A meal plan rich in eye-friendly nutrients like lutein, zeaxanthin, zinc, vitamins C and E, omega-3s, and beta-carotene Wearing protective eye gear Regular and comprehensive eye examinations Regulating sugar intake and blood sugar Exercising to maintain cardiovascular health and prevent leakage of blood vessels Food and macular degeneration There is no specific meal plan that doctors recommend for managing macular degeneration. Unlike in some diseases, where doctors insist on including or avoiding specific foods, there are no strict guidelines for this condition. However, research has shown that by increasing the intake of eye-friendly nutrients like lutein, zeaxanthin, zing, vitamins C and E, omega-3 fatty acids, and beta-carotene, one can delay macular degeneration. Doctors and nutritionists can help one choose the right food and follow a manageable food plan rich in adequate nutrients. Regular and long-term intake of these foods is crucial to prevent macula damage. Best foods Lutein-rich food Lutein is a carotenoid, an organic deep yellow colored-pigment. It is popularly called the eye vitamin, as it is one of the two carotenoids found in the retina. It filters light and protects the eyes from UV radiation when exposed to the sun. The nutrient has anti-inflammatory properties, so adding 10 to 20 mg of lutein-rich food for six months can improve eye health. Some lutein-rich foods are cantaloupe, carrots, corn, egg yolk, fish, orange and yellow pepper, durum wheat pasta, and salmon. Foods with zeaxanthin Zeaxanthin is the second carotenoid in the retina, along with lutein. It helps protect the eyes from the harmful effects of UV radiation and maintains the health of macular tissues. High levels of the nutrient could also help improve visibility in poor light. So, one should choose zeaxanthin-rich foods like asparagus, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, carrots, dark leafy greens, green peas, pistachio, pumpkin, Romaine lettuce, and squash. Sources of beta-carotene Beta-carotene is a naturally occurring red pigment that gives fruits and vegetables their color. Beta-carotene converts into vitamin A during metabolism, which is crucial for eye health. It is better to add beta-carotene-rich foods to daily meals rather than supplements containing the nutrient, as the wrong dosage can pose health risks. Beta-carotene-rich foods are cantaloupe, carrots, lettuce, red bell peppers, spinach, sweet potatoes, tomatoes, and winter squash. Fatty fish The body does not naturally produce omega-3 fatty acids, depending on food for supplying the nutrient. Fatty acids are necessary for cells, tissues, muscles, and nerves to work optimally. Studies show that omega-3-rich food can reverse dry eyes in six to 12 weeks and delay macular degeneration and glaucoma. While cold-water fish like salmon, sardine, mackerel, and tuna are the best options, one can also get omega-3s from fortified food, walnuts, flaxseed, chia seeds, and plant-based oils like canola, soybean, and flaxseed oil. Foods with zinc Zinc is crucial for maintaining hormone levels, acid balance, and eye, skin, and hair health. It is also crucial for the immune system. Zinc helps improve vision by mobilizing vitamin A from the liver and delivering it to the eye. Without zinc, the retina may receive less vitamin A leading to macular degeneration. Some zinc-rich foods include chicken, cashew, chickpeas, hemp seeds, lamb, lentils, mushrooms, oysters, peanuts, pumpkin seeds, and yogurt. Vitamin C-rich food Vitamin C is a powerful antioxidant that prevents cell damage and fights free radicals. Macula is sensitive to free radicals and oxidative stress, so foods with vitamin C can help prevent damage to the macula’s photoreceptor cells and deactivate the free radicals. The vitamin can also fight any inflammation in the macula. It works best when combined with other eye-friendly nutrients. Good sources of vitamin C are bell peppers, blackcurrants, broccoli, broccoli, gooseberry, kiwi, leafy green vegetables, oranges, and strawberries. Vitamin E Alpha-tocopherol is a powerful form of vitamin E and an antioxidant. It can protect parts of the eyes, like the retina and the lens, which are susceptible to oxidative stress. So, one can choose foods like almonds, avocado, beet and beet greens, hazelnuts, kiwis, mangoes, peanut and peanut butter, sunflower seeds, and wheat germ oil. Worst foods Foods that clog the blood vessels and cause fluids to leak into the macula can worsen disease symptoms. So, one should avoid foods high in sugar, and transfats, as they can lead to inflammation and increase the risk of macular degeneration. Some such foods are fatty meat like beef, pork, and lamb, processed foods like packaged chips and sweets, rich dairy products, sugary sweets, carbonated beverages, and vegetable shortening.
